Nginx ("engine x") 是一個(gè)高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服務(wù)器，也是一個(gè) IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服務(wù)器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 為俄羅斯訪問(wèn)量第二的 Rambler.ru 站點(diǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)的，第一個(gè)公開(kāi)版本0.1.0發(fā)布于2004年10月4日。其將源代碼以類(lèi)BSD許可證的形式發(fā)布，因它的穩(wěn)定性、豐富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系統(tǒng)資源的消耗而聞名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4發(fā)布。
一般我們都需要先裝pcre, zlib，前者為了重寫(xiě)rewrite，后者為了gzip壓縮。
1.選定源碼目錄
選定目錄 /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
安裝C++支持：yum install -y gcc-c++
2.安裝PCRE庫(kù)
cd /usr/local/
下載地址：pcre:http://sourceforge.NET/PRojects/pcre/files/
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz/download
tar -zxvf pcre-8.21.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.21
./configure
make
make install
3.安裝zlib庫(kù)
cd /usr/local/
wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8
./configure
make
make install
4.安裝ssl
cd /usr/local/
wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz
./config
make
make install
5.安裝nginx
Nginx 一般有兩個(gè)版本，分別是穩(wěn)定版和開(kāi)發(fā)版，您可以根據(jù)您的目的來(lái)選擇這兩個(gè)版本的其中一個(gè)，下面是把 Nginx 安裝到 /usr/local/nginx 目錄下的詳細(xì)步驟：
cd /usr/local/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.2.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make
make install
--with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.21 指的是pcre-8.21 的源碼路徑。
--with-zlib=/usr/src/zlib-1.2.7 指的是zlib-1.2.7 的源碼路徑。
6.啟動(dòng)
確保系統(tǒng)的 80 端口沒(méi)被其他程序占用，
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
檢查是否啟動(dòng)成功：
netstat -ano|grep 80 有結(jié)果輸入說(shuō)明啟動(dòng)成功
打開(kāi)瀏覽器訪問(wèn)此機(jī)器的 IP，如果瀏覽器出現(xiàn) Welcome to nginx! 則表示 Nginx 已經(jīng)安裝并運(yùn)行成功。
7.重啟
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
8.修改配置文件
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
vi nginx.conf
9.常用配置
#nginx運(yùn)行用戶(hù)和組
user www www;
#啟動(dòng)進(jìn)程,通常設(shè)置成和cpu的數(shù)量相等
worker_processes 4;
#全局錯(cuò)誤日志及PID文件
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
events {
#epoll是多路復(fù)用IO(I/O Multiplexing)中的一種方式,但是僅用于linux2.6以上內(nèi)核,可以大大提高nginx的性能
use epoll;
#單個(gè)后臺(tái)worker process進(jìn)程的最大并發(fā)鏈接數(shù)
worker_connections 10240;
}
#設(shè)定http服務(wù)器，利用它的反向代理功能提供負(fù)載均衡支持
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
error_page 400 403 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
index index.html index.shtml
autoindex off;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
sendfile on;
# These are good default values.
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay off;
# output compression saves bandwidth
gzip off;
#gzip_static on;
#gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]/.";
gzip_types text/plain text/html text/CSS application/x-javaScript application/xml application/xml+rss text/Javascript;
#gzip_vary on;
server_name_in_redirect off;
#設(shè)定負(fù)載均衡的服務(wù)器列表
upstream portals {
server 172.16.68.134:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.16.68.135:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.16.68.136:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.16.68.137:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
#upstream overflow {
# server 10.248.6.34:8090 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
# server 10.248.6.45:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
#}
server {
#偵聽(tīng)8080端口
listen 8080;
server_name 127.0.0.1;
#403、404頁(yè)面重定向地址
error_page 403 = http://www.e100.cn/ebiz/other/217/403.html;
error_page 404 = http://www.e100.cn/ebiz/other/218/404.html;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 180;
proxy_read_timeout 180;
proxy_buffer_size 64k;
proxy_buffers 4 128k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
client_header_buffer_size 16k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 64k;
#proxy_send_timeout 3m;
#proxy_read_timeout 3m;
#proxy_buffer_size 4k;
#proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;
#proxy_hide_header Set-Cookie;
# if ($host != 'www.e100.cn' ) {
# rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.e100.cn/$1 permanent;
# }
location / {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/resource/res/img/blue/space.gif {
proxy_pass http://tecOpera;
}
location = / {
rewrite ^(.*)$ /ebiz/event/517.html last;
}
location = /ebiz/event/517.html {
add_header Vary Accept-Encoding;
root /data/web/html;
expires 10m;
}
location = /check.html {
root /usr/local/nginx/html/;
access_log off;
}
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/local/nginx/html/;
expires 1m;
access_log off;
}
location = /index.html {
add_header Vary Accept-Encoding;
#定義服務(wù)器的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)站根目錄位置
root /data/web/html/ebiz;
expires 10m;
}
#定義反向代理訪問(wèn)名稱(chēng)
location ~ ^/ecps-portal/* {
# expires 10m;
#重定向集群名稱(chēng)
proxy_pass http://portals;
#proxy_pass http://172.16.68.134:8082;
}
location ~ ^/fetionLogin/* {
# expires 10m;
proxy_pass http://portals;
#proxy_pass http://172.16.68.134:8082;
}
#location ~ ^/business/* {
# # expires 10m;
# proxy_pass http://172.16.68.132:8088;
# #proxy_pass http://172.16.68.134:8082;
#}
location ~ ^/rsmanager/* {
expires 10m;
root /data/web/;
#proxy_pass http://rsm;
}
#定義nginx處理的頁(yè)面后綴
location ~* (.*)/.(jpg|gif|htm|html|png|js|css)$ {
root /data/web/html/;
#頁(yè)面緩存時(shí)間為10分鐘
expires 10m;
}
#設(shè)定查看Nginx狀態(tài)的地址
location ~* ^/NginxStatus/ {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 10.1.252.126;
allow 10.248.6.49;
allow 127.0.0.1;
deny all;
}
# error_page 405 =200 @405;
# location @405
# {
# proxy_pass http://10.248.6.45:8080;
# }
access_log /data/logs/nginx/access.log combined;
error_log /data/logs/nginx/error.log;
}
server {
listen 8082;
server_name _;
location = /check.html {
root /usr/local/nginx/html/;
access_log off;
}
}
server {
listen 8088;
server_name _;
location ~ ^/* {
root /data/web/b2bhtml/;
access_log off;
}
}
server {
listen 9082;
server_name _;
# location ~ ^/resource/* {
# expires 10m;
# root /data/web/html/;
# }
location / {
root /data/web/html/sysMaintain/;
if (!-f $request_filename) {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ /sysMaintain.html last;
}
}
}
}
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