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配置和查看IPX路由和SAP服務

2019-11-05 00:41:39
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    本節主要進行ipX RIP路由選擇協議和服務方面的有關實驗。
  
    1.實驗目的
  
    通過本實驗,讀者可以把握以下技能
    ●查看IPX路由表;
    ●配置IPX RIP協議;
    ●配置IPX服務;
    ●監測相關信息。
  
    2. 設備需求
    
    本實驗需要以下設備:
    ●Cisco路由器2臺,命名為R1和R2,要求最少具有1個以太網接口,并且IOS軟件為Desktop版本以上;
    ●1條交叉線序的雙絞線,或2條正常線序雙絞線和1個Hub;
    ●1臺終端服務器。如Cisco 2509路由器。及用于反向Telnet的相應電纜;
    ●1臺帶有超級終端程序的PC機,以及Console電纜及轉接器。
  
    3. 拓撲結構及配置說明
  
    本實驗拓撲結構如圖9-2所示,2臺路由器通過以太網連接起來。
  

    以太網段上的IPX網絡號為12,R1的L0接口上的IPX網絡號為AA,R2的L0接口上的IPX網絡號為BB。
  
    4. 實驗配置及監測結果
  
    第1部分:IPX RIP路由的配置和監測
  
    首先完成各有關接口的IPX配置。R1和R2路由器的配置見配置清常9-2。
  
    配置清單9-2 實驗2各路由器的配置和監測信息
   
    第1段:R1路由器配置
    sh runn
    Building configuration...
  
    Current configuration : 857 bytes
    !
    version 12.1
    service timestamps debug uptime
    service timestamps log uptime
    no service passWord-encryption
    !
    hostname R1
    !
    ip subnet-zero
    !
    ipx routing 0000.0c76.f736
    !
    interface Loopback0
     no ip address
     ipx network AA
    !
    interface Ethemet0
     no ip address
     ipx network 12
    !
    ip classless
    ip http server
    !
    line con 0
     exec-timeout 0 0
     logging synchronous
    line aux 0
    line vty 0 4
    !
    end
    第2段:R2路由器配置
    Building configuration...
  
    Current configuration : 663 bytes
    !
    version 12.1
    service timestamps debug uptime
    service timestamps log uptime
    no service password-encryption
    !
    hostname R2
    !
    no logging console
    !
    ip subnet-zero
    no ip finger
    !
    ipx routing 0000.0c8e.cdd2
    !
    interface Loopback0
     no ip address
     ipx network BB
    !
    interface Ethernet0
     no ip address
     ipx network 12
    !
    ip classless
    ip http server
    !
    line con 0
     exec-timeout 0 0
     logging synchronous
    line aux 0
    line vty 0 4
    第3段:查看和配置IPX路由
    R1#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected PRimary network,  c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    C    12(NOVELL-ETHER), Et0
    C    AA (UNKNOWN), Lo0
    R    BB[02/01]via 12.0000.0c8e.cdd2, 33s,Et0
    R1#ping ipx BB.0000.0c8e.cdd2
    Type escape sequence to abort.
    Sending 5, 100-byte IPX Novell Echoes to BB.0000.0c8e.cdd2, timeout is 2 seconds:
    !!!!!
    SUCcess rate is 100 percent(5/5),round-trip min/avg/max=4/4/4 ms
    R1#
    Term_Server#2
    [Resuming connection 2 to R2 ... ]
  
    R2#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    C    12(NOVELL-ETHER),Et0
    C    BB(UNKNOWN), Lo0
    R    AA[02/01]via 12.0000.0c76.f736, 3s,Et0
    R2#ping ipx aa.0000.0c76.f736
  
    Type escape sequence to abort.
    Sending 5, 100-byte IPX Novell Echoes to AA.OOOO.Oc76.f736, timeout is 2 seconds:
    !!!!!
    Success rate is 100 percent(5/5),round-trip min/avg/max=4/4/8 ms
    R2#conft
    Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
    R2(config)#no ipx router rip
    R2(config)#^Z
    R2#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    2 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    R2#conft
    Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
    R2(config)#ipx router rip
    R2(config-ipx-router)#network all
    R2(config-ipx-router)#^Z
    R2#cle ipx route *
    R2#sh ipx route
    Codes: C - Connected primary network, c - Connected secondary network
       S - Static, F - Floating static, L - Local (internal), W - IPXWAN
       R - RIP, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, X - External, A - Aggregate
       s - seconds, u - uses, U - Per-user static
  
    3 Total IPX routes. Up to 1 parallel paths and 16 hops allowed.
  
    No default route known.
  
    C   12 (NOVELL-ETHER), Et0
    C   BB (UNKNOWN), Lo0
    R   AA [02/01)via 12.0000.0c76.f736,2s,Et0
  
    R2#debiug ipx routing ?
     activity  IPX RIP routing activity
     events   IPX RIP routing events
  
    R2#debug ipx routing events
    IPX routing events debugging is on
    R2#
    06:22:16: IPXRIP: positing full updatetoBB.ffff.ffff.ffff via Loopback0(broadcast)
    R2#
    06:23:07: IPXRIP: positing full update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ethernet0(broadcast)
    R2#
    06:23:16: IPXRIP: positing full-update to BB.ffff.ffff.ffff via Loopback0(broadcast)
    R2#undebug all
    All possible debugging has been turned off
  
    (1)在R1和R2的配置中,按實驗1的步驟啟動IPX路由,并對L0、E0接口進行相應的配置即可。
    (2)sh ipx route是查看IPX路由表的命令,其運行結果表明:從R1到R2的L0接口網段BB,存在1條路徑,相對應的下一跳點是12.0000.0c8e.cdd2,即R2的E0接口,其路由類型是RIP。
    我們在前面的配置中,從來沒有配置任何IPX路由協議,路由器為什么能自動學習到不直接相連的IPX網段的路由信息呢?這是由于IPX RIP路由選擇協議已經默認地在路由器上運行的緣故。
    IPX RIP協議運行在兩臺路由器上,但列路由器運行配置時并不能看到有關它的配置,它是缺省的配置。不在配置清單中顯示。假如關閉IPX RIP協議,列配置清單時可以看到no ipxrouter rip的配置語句。
    (3)路由表項中的宇段意義:
    R   AA[O2/01]via   12.0000.0c760n36,3s,Et0
    R:此路由項是由IPX RIP獲取;
    AA:目標網絡號;
    [02/01]:IPX RIP度量值,02是"tick"(滴答)數(1 tick約等于1/18秒),01是跳數;
    via:經由;
    12.0000.0c760n36:下一跳地址;
    3s:3秒,本條路由已存在的時間;
    Et0:Ethernet0接口,是通往下一跳點的接口號。
    (4)ping ipx aa.0000.0c76.f736(R1路由器L0接口地址)顯示由IPX RIP得到的路由表是可用的。
  (5)使用no ipx router rip命令關閉IPX RIP路由協議后,IPX路由表中相應的路由項不再存在。
    (6)配置IPX RIP協議所用的基本命令很簡單,其中的network all是指把R2上所有網絡加入到IPX RIP中。
    (7)可以使用debug ipx routing events來監測IPX路由更新和變化的信息。
  
    第2部分:配置和監測IPX SAP服務
  
    SAP服務發布節點(如文件服務器、打印服務器等)所提供的服務和IPX地址的信息到整個網絡。
  
    監測清單9-2演示了SAP協議所提供的上述服務。
  
    監測清單9-2配置和監測SAP協議
  
    R2(config)#ipx sap 4 FILE_SVR BB .0000.0000.0001 ?
     <0-FFFFFFFF> Socket number
  
    R2(config)#ipx sap 4 FILE_SVR BB.0000.0000.0001 150 ?
     <1-254> Hop count
  
    R2(config)#ipx sap 4 FILE_SVR BB.0000.0000.0001 150 1
    R2(config)#ipx sap 7 PRINT_SVR BB.0000.0000.0002 151 1
    R2(config)#^Z
    R2#sh ipx servers
    Codes: S - Static, P - Periodic, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, H - Hoiddown, + = detail
    U - Per-user static
    2 Total IPX Servers
  
    Table ordering is based on routing and server info
  
       Type Name    Net   Address  Port  Route Hops ltf
    S  4FILE_SVR     BB.0000.0000.0001:0150   conn 1  Lo0
    S  7PRINT_SVR    BB.0000.0000.0002:0150   conn 1  Lo0
  
    R2#
    Term_Server#1
    [Resuming connection 1 to R1 ... ]
    R1#sh ipx servers
    Codes: S - Static, P - Periodic, E - EIGRP, N - NLSP, H - Hoiddown, + = detail
    U - Per-user static
    2 Total IPX Servers
  
    Table ordering is based on routing and server info
  
        Type Name       Net  Address  Port  Route Hops Itf
    P 4FILE_SVR      BB.0000.0000.0001:0150   2/01  2  Et0
    P 7PRINT_SVR     BB.0000.0000.0002:0150   2/01  2   Et0
    R1#
    R1#debug ipx sap ?
     activity IPX Service Advertisement packets
     events  IPX Service: Advartisement events
  
    R1#debug ipx sap act
    IPX service debugging is on
    R1#cle ipx sap *
    R1#IPXSAP:General Query src=12.0000.0c76.f736,dst=12.ffff.ffff.ffff,packet sent(via Ethernst0)
    R1#IPXSAP:General Query src=AA.0000.0c76.f736,dst=AA.ffff.ffff.ffff,packet sent(via Loopback0)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP;
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ethernet0 (broadcast) (Flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to AA.ffff.ffff.ffff via Loopback0 (broadcast) (flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: Response (in) type 0x2 len 160 src:12.0000.0c8e.cdd2 dest:12.0000.0c76.f736(452)
    06:55:28: type 0x7,"PRINT_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0002(151),2 hops
    06:55;28: type 0x4,"FILE_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0001(150),2 hops
    R1#
    06:55:28: IPXSAP:type 0x7 server"PRINT_SVR"distance lowered;new entry accepted[2/1/2]
    06:55:28: IPXSAP:type 0x4 server"FILE_SVR"distance lowered;new entry accepted[2/1/2]
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffffvia Ethernet0 (broadcast) (flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: positing update to AA.ffff.ffff.ffffvia Loopback0 (broadcast) (flash)
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff
    06:55:28: IPXSAP: Update type 0x2 len 160 src:AA.0000.0c76.f736 dest:AA.ffff.ffff.ffff(452)
    06:55:28: type 0x4,"FILE_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0001(150),3 hops
    06:55:28: type 0x7,"PRINT_SVR",BB.0000.0000.0002(151),3 hops
    R1#
    06:55:29: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff
    06:55:29: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to AA.ffff.ffff.ffff
    R1#
    06:55:47: IPXSAP: positing update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ethernet0 (broadcast) (full)
    06:55:47: IPXSAP: suppressing null update to 12.ffff.ffff.ffff
    R1#
  
    (1)為了測試的目的,我們定義了2個靜態的SAP服務,一個是類型為4的文件服務器FILE_SVR,另一個是類型為7的打印服務器PRINT_SVR,并分別給出了它們的IPX地址。套接字號和跳數。
    (2)在R2上的sh ipx servers命令查到了剛剛定義的2個服務器,其狀態是S,即靜態,跳數為1。
    (3)在R1上使用sh ipx servers命令看到了類似的結果,跳數值在此處變成了2。
    (4)監測SAP協議的工作的同時,我們使用了clear ipx sap*命令,這迫使SAP進行更新。
    監測結果記錄了SAP協議查詢和更新的全部信息。


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