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IP網絡路由技術簡介及Cisco路由器配置

2019-11-05 00:38:02
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  ip網絡路由技術簡介
   基于TCP/IP協議的Internet已逐步發展成為當今世界上規模最大、擁有用戶和資源最多的一個超大型計算機網絡,TCP/IP協議也因此成為事實上的工業標準。IP網絡正逐步成為當代乃至未來計算機網絡的主流。 IP網絡是由通過路由設備互連起來的IP子網構成的,這些路由設備負責在IP子網間尋找路由,并將IP分組轉發到下一個IP子網。
  IP地址
  IP地址是IP網絡中數據傳輸的依據,它標識了IP網絡中的一個連接,一臺主機可以有多個IP地址。IP分組中的IP地址在網絡傳輸中是保持不變的。
  1.基本地址格式
  現在的IP網絡使用32位地址,以點分十進制表示,如172.16.0.0。地址格式為:IP地址=網絡地址+主機地址 或 IP地址=主機地址+子網地址+主機地址。
  網絡地址是由Internet權力機構(InterNIC)統一分配的,目的是為了保證網絡地址的全球唯一性。主機地址是由各個網絡的系統治理員分配。因此,網絡地址的唯一性與網絡內主機地址的唯一性確保了IP地址的全球唯一性。
  2.保留地址的分配
  根據用途和安全性級別的不同,IP地址還可以大致分為兩類:公共地址和私有地址。公用地址在Internet中使用,可以在Internet中隨意訪問。私有地址只能在內部網絡中使用,只有通過代理服務器才能與Internet通信。
  一個機構或網絡要連入Internet,必須申請公用IP地址。但是考慮到網絡安全和內部實驗等非凡情況,在IP地址中專門保留了三個區域作為私有地址,其地址范圍如下:
  10.0.0.0/8:10.0.0.0~10.255.255.255
  172.16.0.0/12:172.16.0.0~172.31.255.255
  192.168.0.0/16:192.168.0.0~192.168.255.255
  使用保留地址的網絡只能在內部進行通信,而不能與其他網絡互連。因為本網絡中的保留地址同樣也可能被其他網絡使用,假如進行網絡互連,那么尋找路由時就會因為地址的不唯一而出現問題。但是這些使用保留地址的網絡可以通過將本網絡內的保留地址翻譯轉換成公共地址的方式實現與外部網絡的互連。這也是保證網絡安全的重要方法之一。  
  無類域間路由(CIDR)
  由于每年連入Internet的主機數成倍增長,因此Internet面臨B類地址匱乏、路由表爆炸和整個地址耗盡等危機。無類域間路由(CIDR)就是為解決這些問題而開發的一種直接的解決方案,它使Internet得到足夠的時間來等待新一代IP協議的產生。
  按CIDR策略,可采用申請幾個C類地址取代申請一個單獨的B類地址的方式來解決B類地址的匱乏問題。所分配的C類地址不是隨機的,而是連續的,它們的最高位相同,即具有相同的前綴,因此路由表就只需用一個表項來表示一組網絡地址,這種方法稱為“路由表聚類”。
  另外,除了“路由表聚類”措施外,還可以由每個ISP從InterNIC獲得一段地址空間后,再將這些地址分配給用戶。  
  路由選擇技術
  IP網絡中的路由選擇是由路由設備完成的。路由器通過執行一定的路由協議,為IP數據報尋找一條到達目的主機或網絡的最佳路由,并轉發該數據報,實現路由選擇。
  1.路由協議 路由協議分為兩大類: 
  路由選擇協議(Routing PRotocol) 這類協議使用一定的路由算法找出到達目的主機或網絡的最佳路徑,如RIP(路由信息協議)等。 
  路由傳送協議(Routed Protocol) 這類協議沿已選好的路徑傳送數據報,如通過IP協議能將物理連接轉變成網絡連接,實現網絡層的主要功能——路由選擇。
  2.直連路由與非直連路由
  IP協議是根據路由來轉發數據的。路由器中的路由有兩種:直連路由和非直連路由。
  路由器各網絡接口所直連的網絡之間使用直連路由進行通信。直連路由是在配置完路由器網絡接口的IP地址后自動生成的,因此,假如沒有對這些接口進行非凡的限制,這些接口所直連的網絡之間就可以直接通信。
  由兩個或多個路由器互連的網絡之間的通信使用非直連路由。非直連路由是指人工配置的靜態路由或通過運行動態路由協議而獲得的動態路由。其中靜態路由比動態路由具有更高的可操作性和安全性。
  IP網絡已經逐漸成為現代網絡的標準,用IP協議組建網絡時,必須使用路由設備將各個IP子網互連起來,并且在IP子網間使用路由機制,通過IP網關互連形成層次性的網際網。
  
  Cisco路由器配置
  
  <>Cisco2511撥入配置 <>Cisco2509 CallBack典型配置 <>Cisco Router之間CallBack典型配置
  <>撥號備份 : 一、DDN設置 二、ROUTERB (CALLER) 三、Hayes modem的設置
  
  Cisco2511撥入配置
  version 12.0
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  service passWord-encryption
  service udp-small-servers
  service tcp-small-servers
  !
  hostname dialin_2511_radius
  !
  aaa new-model
  aaa authentication login default radius
  aaa authentication login no_radius local
  aaa authentication login admin none
  aaa authentication enable default enable
  aaa authentication ppp default if-needed radius
  aaa authorization exec default radius if-authenticated
  aaa authorization network default radius
  aaa accounting suppress null-username
  aaa accounting network default start-stop radius
  enable secret 5 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
  enable password 7 YYYYYYYYYYYYYY
  !
  username admin password 7 ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
  ip subnet-zero
  ip address-pool local
  async-bootp dns-server 192.168.2.4
  chat-script factory-default "" "AT&F1&W"
  chat-script cisco-default ABORT ERROR "" "AT Z" OK "ATDT /T" TIMEOUT 3 0 /c CONNECT /c
  chat-script usr-courier-veverything "" "AT&FS0=1&C1&D2&H1&R2&N14&B1&W"
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 192.168.2.30 255.255.255.0
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  ! interface Group-Async1
  ip unnumbered Ethernet0
  no ip directed-broadcast
  encapsulation ppp
  no ip route-cache
  no ip mroute-cache
  async mode interactive
  peer default ip address pool default
  no cdp enable
  ppp authentication pap chap
  group-range 1 16
  !
  ip local pool default 192.168.2.64 192.168.2.79
  ip classless
  ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1
  !
  radius-server host 192.168.2.99 auth-port 1645
  acct-port 1646 radius-server key Testing_radius
  !
  line con 0
  session-timeout 10
  exec-timeout 0 0
  login authentication no_radius
  transport preferred none
  transport input none
  line 1 16
  autoselect ppp
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  speed 57600
  flowcontrol hardware
  line aux 0
  transport input all
  line vty 0 4
  exec-timeout 30 0
  login authentication no_radius
  !
  end
  
  Cisco2509 CallBack典型配置
  version 11.3
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname Router
  !
  enable password cisco
  !
  username cisco callback-dialstring "" callback-rotary 1 password 0 cisco
  !
  chat-script cb "" "ATDT/T" TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT
  !
  !
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 192.168.1.201 255.255.255.0
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Group-Async1
  ip unnumbered Ethernet0
  encapsulation ppp
  dialer in-band
  async mode dedicated
  peer default ip address pool mypool
  no cdp enable
  ppp callback accept
  ppp authentication chap group-range 1 8
  ! ip local pool mypool 192.168.1.221 192.168.1.228
  no ip classless
  !
  !
  line con 0
  line 1 8
  script callback cb
  rotary 1
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  flowcontrol hardware line aux 0 transport input all flowcontrol hardware line vty 0 4 password cisco login ! end
  
  Cisco Router之間CallBack典型配置
  CallBack Server-------------------------------------
  version 11.3
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname server
  !
  enable password cisco
  !
  username client password 0 cisco
  chat-script cb "" "ATDT/T" TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT
  !
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 192.168.1.201 255.255.255.0
  no keepalive
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Async8
  ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  dialer in-band
  dialer map ip 10.1.1.1 name client class cb 228
  dialer-group 1
  async mode dedicated
  no peer default ip address
  no cdp enable
  ppp callback accept
  ppp authentication chap
  !
  !
  no ip classless
  ip route 160.4.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
  ! !
  map-class dialer cb
  dialer callback-server username
  dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
  !
  line con 0
  line 1 8
  script dialer cb
  login local
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  flowcontrol hardware
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  CallBack Client--------------------------------------
  version 11.2
  no service udp-small-servers
  no service tcp-small-servers
  !
  hostname client
  !
  enable secret 5 $1$agg8$blP5tNZMOq0xYXvsO/hGG0
  enable password admin
  !
  username server password 0 cisco
  chat-script cb "" "ATDT/T" TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 160.4.1.98 255.255.255.224
  no keepalive
  !
  interface Serial0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Async1
  ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  async mode dedicated
  dialer in-band
  dialer map ip 10.1.1.2 name server 391
  dialer-group 1
  no cdp enable
  ppp callback request
  ppp authentication chap
  !
  no ip classless
  ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2
  !
  dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
  !
  line con 0
  line aux 0
  script dialer cb
  login local
  modem InOut
  transport input all
  flowcontrol hardware
  line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  
  撥號備份
  一、 DDN設置
 ?。ㄒ唬OUTER A(CALLER)
  Router#
  Router#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration:
  !
  version 11.3
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname Router
  !
  enable secret 5 $1$rAk2$zromrvFspaNC7ICZihqcD/
  enable password cisco
  !
  chat-script config-modem "" ATDT408 TIMEOUT 30 CONNECT /c
  !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 132.147.160.111 255.255.255.0
  no mop enabled
  !
  interface Serial0
  backup delay 10 10
  backup interface Async9
  ip address 200.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  no ip mroute-cache
  clockrate 64000
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  !
  interface Async9
  ip address 200.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp
  dialer in-band
  dialer map ip 200.2.2.2 modem-script config-modem 408
  dialer-group 1
  async mode dedicated
  !
  ip classless
  ip route 132.147.161.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.1.2 10
  ip route 132.147.161.0 255.255.255.0 200.2.2.2 100
  dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
  !
  line con 0
  line 1 8
  line aux 0
  modem InOut
  flowcontrol hardware line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  Router#sh line
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  * 0 CTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  1 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  2 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  3 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  4 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  5 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  6 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  7 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  8 TTY 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  9 AUX 9600/9600 - inout - - - 0 0 0/0
  10 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  11 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  12 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  13 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  14 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  Router#sh line aux 0
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  9 AUX 9600/9600 - inout - - - 0 0 0/0
  
  Line 9, Location: "", Type: ""
  Length: 24 lines, Width: 80 columns
  Baud rate (TX/RX) is 9600/9600, no parity, 2 stopbits, 8 databits
  Status: none
  Capabilities: Hardware Flowcontrol In, Hardware Flowcontrol Out
  Modem Callout, Modem RI is CD, Line is permanent async interface
  Modem state: Idle
  Modem hardware state: CTS* noDSR noDTR RTS
  Special Chars: Escape Hold Stop Start Disconnect Activation ^^x none - - none
  Timeouts: Idle EXEC Idle Session Modem Answer Session Dispatch 00:10:00 never none not set Idle Session Disconnect Warning
  never
  Modem type is unknown.
  Session limit is not set.
  Time since activation: never
  Editing is enabled.
  History is enabled, history size is 10.
  DNS resolution in show commands is enabled
  Full user help is disabled
  Allowed transports are pad v120 telnet rlogin mop. Preferred is telnet.
  No output characters are padded
  No special data dispatching characters
  Router#sh s0
  ^
  % Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
  Router#sh int s0 Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set
  failure delay 10 sec,
  secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:02, output 00:00:03, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  49 packets input, 2127 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 49 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  48 packets output, 1795 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 4 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  3 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  Router#sh int a9
  Async9 is standby mode, line protocol is down
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:03:09, output 00:03:22, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  15 packets input, 1184 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  1 input errors, 1 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  66 packets output, 1917 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 7 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#!*******************************************************
  Router#
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Async9, changed state to down
  Router#sh int a9
  Async9 is up (spoofing), line protocol is up (spoofing)
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:06:41, output 00:06:55, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  15 packets input, 1184 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  1 input errors, 1 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  66 packets output, 1917 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 7 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set
  failure delay 10 sec, secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:02:25, output 00:02:25, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3189 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3106 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 9 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=down RTS=down CTS=up
  Router#$************************************************************
  Router#ping 132.147.161.111
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 132.147.161.111, timeout is 2 seconds: .....
  SUCcess rate is 0 percent (0/5)
  Router#
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Async9, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Async9, changed state to up
  Router#ping 132.147.161.111
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 132.147.161.111, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 376/386/404 ms
  Router#sh int a9
  Async9 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:10, output 00:00:10, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  27 packets input, 2064 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  2 input errors, 2 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  77 packets output, 2514 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 7 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set
  failure delay 10 sec, secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:03:51, output 00:03:51, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3189 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3106 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 12 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=down RTS=down CTS=up
  Router#!*****************************************************************
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Async9, changed state to down
  %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Async9, changed state to standby mode
  Router#ping 132.147.161.111
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 132.147.161.111, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/32/32 ms
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.1/24
  Backup interface Async9, kickin load not set, kickout load not set failure delay 10 sec, secondary disable delay 10 sec
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:01, output 00:00:01, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 115 packets input, 5131 bytes, 0 no buffer Received
  115 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  115 packets output, 5035 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 14 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  13 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  
  Router#sh int
  a9 Async9 is standby mode, line protocol is down
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.1/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:01:42, output 00:01:42, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  33 packets input, 2852 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  2 input errors, 2 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  82 packets output, 3019 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 8 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#
  
 ?。ǘ?、ROUTERB (CALLER)
  Router#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration:
  !
  version 11.3
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname Router
  !
  enable secret 5 $1$ywCg$Hm9E3ga.xYAbzVTEvPPT3.
  enable password cisco
  ! !
  interface Ethernet0
  ip address 132.147.161.111 255.255.255.0
  no mop
  enabled
  !
  interface Serial0
  ip address 200.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
  encapsulation ppp no ip mroute-cache
  !
  interface Serial1
  no ip address shutdown
  !
  interface Async1
  ip address 200.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 e
  ncapsulation ppp
  async mode dedicated
  pulse-time 60
  !
  ip classless ip route 132.147.160.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.1.1
  ip route 132.147.160.0 255.255.255.0 200.2.2.1 2
  !
  line con 0 line aux 0
  flowcontrol hardware
  line vty 0 4
  password cisco
  login
  !
  end
  
  Router#sh line aux 0
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  A 1 AUX 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  
  Line 1, Location: "", Type: ""
  Length: 24 lines, Width: 80 columns
  Baud rate (TX/RX) is 9600/9600, no parity, 2 stopbits, 8 databits
  Status: Ready, Active, Async Interface Active
  Capabilities: Hardware Flowcontrol In, Hardware Flowcontrol Out
  Line is permanent async interface
  Modem state: Ready
  Line is running PPP for address 200.2.2.1.
  0 output packets queued, 1 input packets.
  Async Escape map is 00000000000000000101000000000000
  Modem hardware state: CTS* DSR* DTR RTS
  Special Chars: Escape Hold Stop Start Disconnect Activation
  ^^x none - - none
  Timeouts: Idle EXEC Idle Session Modem Answer
  Session Dispatch 00:10:00 never none not set
  Idle Session Disconnect Warning never
  Modem type is unknown.
  Session limit is not set.
  Time since activation: never
  Editing is enabled. History is enabled, history size is 10.
  DNS resolution in show commands is enabled
  Full user help is disabled
  Allowed transports are pad v120 telnet rlogin mop. Preferred is telnet.
  No output characters are padded
  No special data dispatching characters
  Router#sh line
  Tty Typ Tx/Rx A Modem Roty AccO AccI Uses Noise Overruns
  * 0 CTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0 A
  1 AUX 9600/9600 - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  2 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  3 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  4 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  5 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  6 VTY - - - - - 0 0 0/0
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:05, output 00:00:05, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  74 packets input, 2733 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 74 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  75 packets output, 3093 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 4 interface resets 0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  3 carrier transitions
  DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:05:23, output 00:00:10, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  33 packets input, 1125 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  31 packets output, 2888 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#!**************************************************************
  Router#
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down
  Router#sh int a9 ^
  % Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:07:20, output 00:00:07, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  33 packets input, 1125 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  33 packets output, 3454 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#wr
  Building configuration...
  [OK]
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:02:15, output 00:02:15, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3106 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3189 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 9 interface resets 0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=down DSR=down DTR=up RTS=up CTS=down
  Router#!************************************************************
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:35, output 00:00:35, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  44 packets input, 1722 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  46 packets output, 4617 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is down, line protocol is down
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit,
  DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Closed
  Closed: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:04:17, output 00:04:17, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold) Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  81 packets input, 3106 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 81 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  81 packets output, 3189 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 13 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  4 carrier transitions
  DCD=down DSR=down DTR=up RTS=up CTS=down Router#ping 200.2.2.1
  
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.2.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 380/387/408 ms Router#!********************************************************************
  Router#
  %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up
  Router#sh int a1
  Async1 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Async Serial
  Internet address is 200.2.2.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 9 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set
  DTR is pulsed for 60 seconds on reset
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:54, output 00:00:54, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 1/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops:
  0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
  Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  49 packets input, 2227 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  52 packets output, 5405 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures,
  0 output buffers swapped out
  0 carrier transitions
  Router#sh int s0
  Serial0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is HD64570
  Internet address is 200.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255
  Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec)
  LCP Open
  Open: IPCP, CDPCP
  Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:00, output hang never
  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
  Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0
  Queueing strategy: weighted fair
  Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1 (active/max active/threshold)
  Reserved Conversations 0/0/64 (allocated/max allocated)
  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
  97 packets input, 3606 bytes, 0 no buffer
  Received 97 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
  0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
  98 packets output, 3979 bytes, 0 underruns
  0 output errors, 0 collisions, 14 interface resets
  0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
  7 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
  Router#ping 200.1.1.1
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/32/32 ms
  Router#
  
  
  (三)、Hayes modem的設置
  1、RouterA(caller)
  at
  OK
  at&v
  ACTIVE PROFILE: B1 B16 B30 B41 B52 B60 B70 B75 B80 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W0 X4 Y0 &A0 &B1 &C1 &D3 &G0 &K3 &L0 &Q5 &R0 &S0 &T4 &U0 &X0 &Y0 S00:000 S02:043 S03:013 S04:010 S05:008 S06:002 S07:050 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014 S11:095 S12:050 S25:005 S26:001 S36:007 S37:000 S38:020 S46:002 S48:007
  STORED PROFILE 0: B1 B16 B30 B41 B52 B60 B70 B75 B80 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W0 X4 Y0 &A0 &B1 &C1 &D3 &G0 &K3 &L0 &Q5 &R0 &S0 &T4 &U0 &X0 S00:000 S02:043 S06:002 S07:050 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014 S11:095 S12:050 S25:005 S26:001 S36:007 S37:000 S38:020 S46:002 S48:007 S108:001
  STORED PROFILE 1: B1 B16 B30 B41 B52 B60 B70 B75 B80 E1 L2 M1 N1 P Q0 V1 W0 X4 Y0 &A0 &B1 &C0 &D0 &G0 &K3 &L0 &Q5 &R0 &S0 &T4 &U0 &X0 S00:000 S02:043 S06:002 S07:050 S08:002 S09:006 S10:014 S11:095 S12:050 S25:005 S26:001 S36:007 S37:000 S38:020 S46:002 S48:007 S108:001
  TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
  &Z0=402
  &Z1=
  &Z2=
  &Z3=
  OK
  AT&FS0=1&C1&D3&W
  
  2、RouterB(Server中心)
  at&fe0q1&w或
  at&fs0=1&d3&w


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