樓主是一名asp.net攻城獅,最近經常跑java組客串幫忙開發,所以最近對java的一些基礎知識特別上心。卻遇到需要將一個對象深拷貝出來做其他事情,而原對象保持原有狀態的情況。(實在是不想自己new一個出來,然后對著一堆字段賦值......好吧,再此之前我沒有關心是否項目框架有深拷貝的方法),然后就想著用反射實現吧....接下來
	
是我自己的原因,還是真的不存在這樣的純用反射實現的深拷貝方式....(c#是有純反射實現的)
但也不能算自己白忙活吧,也找到了其他實現深拷貝的方式(但是每種方式我都覺得并不是太合理,也許是因為c#的方式帶入了吧,最后貼出c#版本純反射實現深拷貝的代碼)
方式一:實現Cloneable接口,重寫clone方法
實體類:一個輪胎類,一個車輛類,車輛中包含輪胎
/**輪胎類**/public class Tire implements Cloneable {  public String color;  public int radius;  public Tire(){}  public Tire(String color, int radius) {    this.color = color;    this.radius = radius;  }  @Override  protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {    return super.clone();  }}/**車輛類**/public class Car implements Cloneable{  public String name;  public String color;  public Tire tire;  public Car() {}  public Car(String name, String color, Tire tire) {    this.name = name;    this.color = color;    this.tire = tire;  }  public void whistle(){    System.out.println("汽車"+this.name+" 鳴笛...");  }  public String getName() {    return name;  }  public void setName(String name) {    this.name = name;  }  public String getColor() {    return color;  }  public void setColor(String color) {    this.color = color;  }  public Tire getTire() {    return tire;  }  public void setTire(Tire tire) {    this.tire = tire;  }  @Override  protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {    return super.clone();  }}
@Test  public void test() throws CloneNotSupportedException {    Tire tire = new Tire("black",100);    Car car = new Car("奔馳","white",tire);    Car car_copy = (Car)car.clone();    System.out.println("car:"+car.hashCode()+" car.tire:"+car.tire.hashCode());    System.out.println("car_copy:"+car_copy.hashCode()+" car_copy.tire:"+car_copy.tire.hashCode());    car_copy.color = "blue";    System.out.println("car_copy:"+car_copy.color+" car:"+car.color);  }輸出結果:
car:1223737555 car.tire:906199566car_copy:542081238 car_copy.tire:906199566car_copy:blue car:white
從結果可以的之,car與car_copy的內存地址并不一致,但car.tire與car_copy.tire的內存地址卻是一致的,說明“奔馳”車確實又造出了一輛,但卻公用同一幅輪胎(這種情形....哈哈哈),好吧,也就是只復制了tire的引用,這可以說是深拷貝的不徹底 (hashCode()的值可以當作是內存地址來理解),那么要怎樣才能徹底,真正的深拷貝?
修改Car類中的clone方法:
@Override  protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {    Car car = (Car)super.clone();    car.tire = (Tire)car.tire.clone();    return car;  }輸出結果:
car:1223737555 car.tire:906199566car_copy:542081238 car_copy.tire:1133736492car_copy:blue car:white
這樣最終實現了,但這種方式用到項目中并不是很合適吧,每個需要深拷貝的類,都要實現Cloneable接口,并覆蓋其clone方法,遇到引用其他類時候更是需要修改clone方法,要是引用其他類,其他類再引用其他類呢?這不好吧......
方式二:通過序列化與反序列化實現(實現Serializable接口)
實體類:與第一種方式類似,換成實現Serializable接口,去掉clone方法
/**輪胎類**/@SuppressWarnings("serial")public class Tire implements java.io.Serializable {  public String color;  public int radius;  public Tire(){}  public Tire(String color, int radius) {    this.color = color;    this.radius = radius;  }}/**車輛類**/@SuppressWarnings("serial")public class Car implements java.io.Serializable{  public String name;  public String color;  public Tire tire;  public Car() {}  public Car(String name, String color, Tire tire) {    this.name = name;    this.color = color;    this.tire = tire;  }  public void whistle(){    System.out.println("汽車"+this.name+" 鳴笛...");  }  public String getName() {    return name;  }  public void setName(String name) {    this.name = name;  }  public String getColor() {    return color;  }  public void setColor(String color) {    this.color = color;  }  public Tire getTire() {    return tire;  }  public void setTire(Tire tire) {    this.tire = tire;  }}深拷貝方法:
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  public static Object deepClone(Object obj)  {    Object copyObj = null;    ObjectOutputStream out = null;    ObjectInputStream in = null;    try {      // 序列化      ByteArrayOutputStream bufferOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();      out = new ObjectOutputStream(bufferOut);      out.writeObject(obj);      // 反序列化      ByteArrayInputStream bufferIn = new ByteArrayInputStream(bufferOut.toByteArray());      in = new ObjectInputStream(bufferIn);      copyObj = in.readObject();    } catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();      throw new RuntimeException(e);     }finally{       try{         if(in != null){           in.close();         }         if(out!=null){           out.close();         }       }catch(IOException e){         throw new RuntimeException(e);       }    }    return copyObj;  }單元測試:
@Test  public void test() throws CloneNotSupportedException {    Tire tire = new Tire("black",100);    Car car = new Car("奔馳","white",tire);    Car car_copy = (Car)deepClone(car);    System.out.println("car:"+car.hashCode()+" car.tire:"+car.tire.hashCode());    System.out.println("car_copy:"+car_copy.hashCode()+" car_copy.tire:"+car_copy.tire.hashCode());    car_copy.color = "blue";    System.out.println("car_copy:"+car_copy.color+" car:"+car.color);  }輸出結果:
car:2019524978 car.tire:855703640car_copy:1407965019 car_copy.tire:545768040car_copy:blue car:white
從結果集中可以看出是深拷貝是正確的,但是每個類還是需要實現Serializable,好像也不合適吧......
優化一下深拷貝方法:將其換成泛型,這樣拷貝出來就不需要強轉了(好吧,其實也沒比上面的方法好到哪去...)
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  public static <T> T deepClone(T obj)  {    T copyObj = null;    ObjectOutputStream out = null;    ObjectInputStream in = null;    try {      // 序列化      ByteArrayOutputStream bufferOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();      out = new ObjectOutputStream(bufferOut);      out.writeObject(obj);      // 反序列化      ByteArrayInputStream bufferIn = new ByteArrayInputStream(bufferOut.toByteArray());      in = new ObjectInputStream(bufferIn);      copyObj = (T)in.readObject();    } catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();      throw new RuntimeException(e);     }finally{       try{         if(in != null){           in.close();         }         if(out!=null){           out.close();         }       }catch(IOException e){         throw new RuntimeException(e);       }    }    return copyObj;  }通過序列化與反序列化深拷貝還有更簡單的實現方式,就是需要導個包(拷貝的類也必須實現Serializable接口),當然,我已經為你們準備好了 點擊->org.apache.commons.lang
深拷貝方法:就一行代碼...
public Object deepClone(Object obj){     return org.apache.commons.lang.SerializationUtils.clone((Serializable)obj);   }好了,java的暫時就到這里了,當然對于這兩種方式并不是很滿意...
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C#深拷貝 反射實現
下面方法是c#的深拷貝,純反射實現,無需實現任何接口,哦對,需要實體類有個無參的構造方法,簡單使用強大,微軟大法好啊......有需要用到的同學就拿去用吧,目前經過一個幾百W的項目框架中考驗,真的強大實用
/// <summary>    /// 對象拷貝    /// </summary>    /// <param name="obj">被復制對象</param>    /// <returns>新對象</returns>    private object CopyOjbect(object obj) {      if (obj == null) {        return null;      }      Object targetDeepCopyObj;      Type targetType = obj.GetType();      //值類型       if (targetType.IsValueType == true) {        targetDeepCopyObj = obj;      }      //引用類型        else {        targetDeepCopyObj = System.Activator.CreateInstance(targetType);  //創建引用對象          System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] memberCollection = obj.GetType().GetMembers();        foreach (System.Reflection.MemberInfo member in memberCollection) {          //拷貝字段          if (member.MemberType == System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Field)          {            System.Reflection.FieldInfo field = (System.Reflection.FieldInfo)member;            Object fieldValue = field.GetValue(obj);            if (fieldValue is ICloneable)            {              field.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, (fieldValue as ICloneable).Clone());            }            else            {              field.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, CopyOjbect(fieldValue));            }          }//拷貝屬性          else if (member.MemberType == System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Property) {            System.Reflection.PropertyInfo myProperty = (System.Reflection.PropertyInfo)member;            MethodInfo info = myProperty.GetSetMethod(false);            if (info != null) {              try {                object propertyValue = myProperty.GetValue(obj, null);                if (propertyValue is ICloneable) {                  myProperty.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, (propertyValue as ICloneable).Clone(), null);                }                else {                  myProperty.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, CopyOjbect(propertyValue), null);                }              }              catch (System.Exception ex) {              }            }          }        }      }      return targetDeepCopyObj;    }以上這篇一種c#深拷貝方式完勝java深拷貝(實現上的對比分析)就是小編分享給大家的全部內容了,希望能給大家一個參考,也希望大家多多支持VEVB武林網。
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