什么是JSON？
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate. JSON is a text format that is completely language independent.
翻譯：Json【javascript對象表示方法】，它是一個輕量級的數據交換格式，我們可以很簡單的來讀取和寫它，并且它很容易被計算機轉化和生成，它是完全獨立于語言的。
Json支持下面兩種數據結構：
Json有下面幾種表現形式
1.對象
一個沒有順序的“鍵/值”,一個對象以花括號“{”開始，并以花括號"}"結束，在每一個“鍵”的后面，有一個冒號，并且使用逗號來分隔多個鍵值對。
例如：
var user = {"name":"Manas","gender":"Male","birthday":"1987-8-8"}
2.數組
設置值的順序，一個數組以中括號"["開始,并以中括號"]"結束，并且所有的值使用逗號分隔
例如：
var userlist = [{"user":{"name":"Manas","gender":"Male","birthday":"1987-8-8"}}, {"user":{"name":"Mohapatra","Male":"Female","birthday":"1987-7-7"}}]3.字符串
任意數量的Unicode字符，使用引號做標記，并使用反斜杠來分隔。
例如：
var userlist = "{/"ID/":1,/"Name/":/"Manas/",/"Address/":/"India/"}" 好了，介紹完JSON，現在說正題。
序列化和反序列化有三種方式：
JavaScriptSerializer類DataContractJsonSerializer類我們先來看看使用 DataContractJsonSerializer的情況
DataContractJsonSerializer類幫助我們序列化和反序列化Json，他在程序集 System.Runtime.Serialization.dll下的System.Runtime.Serialization.Json命名空間里。
首先，這里，我新建一個控制臺的程序，新建一個類Student
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Runtime.Serialization;namespace JsonSerializerAndDeSerializer{ [DataContract] public class Student { [DataMember] public int ID { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember] public int Age { get; set; } [DataMember] public string Sex { get; set; } }} 注意：上面的Student實體中的契約 [DataMember]，[DataContract]，是使用DataContractJsonSerializer序列化和反序列化必須要加的，對于其他兩種方式不必加，也可以的。
我們程序的代碼：
要先引用程序集，在引入這個命名空間
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//使用DataContractJsonSerializer方式需要引入的命名空間，在System.Runtime.Serialization.dll.中using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#region 1.DataContractJsonSerializer方式序列化和反序列化 Student stu = new Student() { ID = 1, Name = "曹操", Sex = "男", Age = 1000 }; //序列化 DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Student)); MemoryStream msObj = new MemoryStream(); //將序列化之后的Json格式數據寫入流中 js.WriteObject(msObj, stu); msObj.Position = 0; //從0這個位置開始讀取流中的數據 StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(msObj, Encoding.UTF8); string json = sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); msObj.Close(); Console.WriteLine(json); //反序列化 string toDes = json; //string to = "{/"ID/":/"1/",/"Name/":/"曹操/",/"Sex/":/"男/",/"Age/":/"1230/"}"; using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(toDes))) { DataContractJsonSerializer deseralizer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Student)); Student model = (Student)deseralizer.ReadObject(ms);// //反序列化ReadObject Console.WriteLine("ID=" + model.ID); Console.WriteLine("Name=" + model.Name); Console.WriteLine("Age=" + model.Age); Console.WriteLine("Sex=" + model.Sex); } Console.ReadKey(); #endregion運行之后結果是：
再看看使用JavaScriptJsonSerializer的情況：
JavaScriptSerializer is a class which helps to serialize and deserialize JSON. It is present in namespace System.Web.Script.Serialization which is available in assembly System.Web.Extensions.dll. To serialize a .Net object to JSON string use Serialize method. It's possible to deserialize JSON string to .Net object using Deserialize<T> or DeserializeObject methods. Let's see how to implement serialization and deserialization using JavaScriptSerializer.
這里要先引用
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//使用JavaScriptSerializer方式需要引入的命名空間，這個在程序集System.Web.Extensions.dll.中using System.Web.Script.Serialization;//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#region 2.JavaScriptSerializer方式實現序列化和反序列化 Student stu = new Student() { ID = 1, Name = "關羽", Age = 2000, Sex = "男" }; JavaScriptSerializer js = new JavaScriptSerializer(); string jsonData = js.Serialize(stu);//序列化 Console.WriteLine(jsonData); ////反序列化方式一： string desJson = jsonData; //Student model = js.Deserialize<Student>(desJson);// //反序列化 //string message = string.Format("ID={0},Name={1},Age={2},Sex={3}", model.ID, model.Name, model.Age, model.Sex); //Console.WriteLine(message); //Console.ReadKey(); ////反序列化方式2 dynamic modelDy = js.Deserialize<dynamic>(desJson); //反序列化 string messageDy = string.Format("動態的反序列化,ID={0},Name={1},Age={2},Sex={3}", modelDy["ID"], modelDy["Name"], modelDy["Age"], modelDy["Sex"]);//這里要使用索引取值，不能使用對象.屬性 Console.WriteLine(messageDy); Console.ReadKey(); #endregion 結果是：
最后看看使用JSON.NET的情況，引入類庫：
下面的英文，看不懂可略過。。。
Json.NET is a third party library which helps conversion between JSON text and .NET object using the JsonSerializer. The JsonSerializer converts .NET objects into their JSON equivalent text and back again by mapping the .NET object property names to the JSON property names. It is open source software and free for commercial purposes.
The following are some awesome【極好的】 features,
Flexible JSON serializer for converting between .NET objects and JSON.
LINQ to JSON for manually reading and writing JSON.
High performance, faster than .NET's built-in【內嵌】 JSON serializers.
Easy to read JSON.
Convert JSON to and from XML.
Supports .NET 2, .NET 3.5, .NET 4, Silverlight and Windows Phone.
Let's start learning how to install and implement:
In Visual Studio, go to Tools Menu -> Choose Library Package Manger -> Package Manager Console. It opens a command window where we need to put the following command to install Newtonsoft.Json.
Install-Package Newtonsoft.Json
OR
In Visual Studio, Tools menu -> Manage Nuget Package Manger Solution and type “JSON.NET” to search it online. Here's the figure,
//使用Json.NET類庫需要引入的命名空間//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------using Newtonsoft.Json;//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#region 3.Json.NET序列化 List<Student> lstStuModel = new List<Student>() { new Student(){ID=1,Name="張飛",Age=250,Sex="男"}, new Student(){ID=2,Name="潘金蓮",Age=300,Sex="女"} }; //Json.NET序列化 string jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(lstStuModel); Console.WriteLine(jsonData); Console.ReadKey(); //Json.NET反序列化 string json = @"{ 'Name':'C#','Age':'3000','ID':'1','Sex':'女'}"; Student descJsonStu = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Student>(json);//反序列化 Console.WriteLine(string.Format("反序列化： ID={0},Name={1},Sex={2},Sex={3}", descJsonStu.ID, descJsonStu.Name, descJsonStu.Age, descJsonStu.Sex)); Console.ReadKey(); #endregion運行之后，結果是：
總結
最后還是盡量使用JSON.NET來序列化和反序列化，性能好。
In this article we discussed about how many ways we can implement serialization/deserialization in C#. However JSON.NET wins over other implementations because it facilitates more functionality of JSON validation, JSON schema, LINQ to JSON etc. So use JSON.NET always.
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